{"id":784,"date":"2024-10-05T20:51:48","date_gmt":"2024-10-05T17:51:48","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/ruyaenstitusu.com\/?p=784"},"modified":"2024-10-16T22:26:40","modified_gmt":"2024-10-16T19:26:40","slug":"yaslilik-donemi-ruyalari-psikolojik-ve-gelisimsel-bir-inceleme","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/ruyaenstitusu.com\/?p=784","title":{"rendered":"Ya\u015fl\u0131l\u0131k D\u00f6nemi R\u00fcyalar\u0131: Psikolojik ve Geli\u015fimsel Bir \u0130nceleme"},"content":{"rendered":"\n
\"\"<\/figure>\n\n\n\n

Giri\u015f<\/h4>\n\n\n\n

Ya\u015fl\u0131l\u0131k d\u00f6nemi, biyolojik, psikolojik ve sosyal a\u00e7\u0131dan \u00f6nemli de\u011fi\u015fikliklerin ya\u015fand\u0131\u011f\u0131 bir d\u00f6nemdir. Bu d\u00f6nemde r\u00fcyalar, bireyin ya\u015fam deneyimlerini ve bilin\u00e7d\u0131\u015f\u0131 s\u00fcre\u00e7lerini yans\u0131tmak a\u00e7\u0131s\u0131ndan b\u00fcy\u00fck bir \u00f6neme sahiptir. Ya\u015fl\u0131l\u0131k d\u00f6nemine \u00f6zg\u00fc r\u00fcyalar, ki\u015finin ge\u00e7mi\u015f ya\u015fant\u0131lar\u0131, gelecekle ilgili endi\u015feleri ve \u00f6l\u00fcmle y\u00fczle\u015fme gibi konular\u0131n sembolik yans\u0131malar\u0131n\u0131 i\u00e7erir. Psikoloji literat\u00fcr\u00fcnde, ya\u015fl\u0131l\u0131k d\u00f6nemindeki r\u00fcyalar\u0131n bireyin bilin\u00e7d\u0131\u015f\u0131 s\u00fcre\u00e7lerinin anla\u015f\u0131lmas\u0131 ve geli\u015fimsel ihtiya\u00e7lar\u0131n\u0131n incelenmesi a\u00e7\u0131s\u0131ndan kritik bir rol oynad\u0131\u011f\u0131 belirtilir. Bu makalede, ya\u015fl\u0131l\u0131k d\u00f6nemi r\u00fcyalar\u0131 psikanaliz, Jung\u2019un kolektif bilin\u00e7d\u0131\u015f\u0131 teorisi, Piaget\u2019nin bili\u015fsel geli\u015fim kuram\u0131 ve nesne ili\u015fkileri teorisi ba\u011flam\u0131nda ele al\u0131nacakt\u0131r.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

1. Ya\u015fl\u0131l\u0131k D\u00f6neminin Psikolojik \u00d6zellikleri<\/h3>\n\n\n\n

Ya\u015fl\u0131l\u0131k, bireyin ya\u015fam\u0131n\u0131n son a\u015famas\u0131 olarak tan\u0131mlan\u0131r ve bu s\u00fcre\u00e7te psikolojik de\u011fi\u015fimler olduk\u00e7a belirgindir. Erik Erikson\u2019un psikososyal geli\u015fim teorisine g\u00f6re, ya\u015fl\u0131l\u0131k d\u00f6nemi, bireyin ya\u015fam\u0131n\u0131 g\u00f6zden ge\u00e7irdi\u011fi ve “benlik b\u00fct\u00fcnl\u00fc\u011f\u00fc” ile “umutsuzluk” aras\u0131nda bir \u00e7at\u0131\u015fma ya\u015fad\u0131\u011f\u0131 bir d\u00f6nemdir (Erikson, 1950). Bu d\u00f6nemde r\u00fcyalar, bireyin ge\u00e7mi\u015fte ya\u015fad\u0131\u011f\u0131 olaylarla ilgili duygusal hesapla\u015fmalar\u0131n\u0131 ve \u00f6l\u00fcmle y\u00fczle\u015fme s\u00fcre\u00e7lerini yans\u0131tabilir. Ya\u015fl\u0131 bireylerin r\u00fcyalar\u0131, ya\u015famlar\u0131n\u0131n \u00e7e\u015fitli a\u015famalar\u0131n\u0131 g\u00f6zden ge\u00e7irme, ge\u00e7mi\u015fle bar\u0131\u015fma ve \u00f6l\u00fcm korkusu ile ba\u015fa \u00e7\u0131kma temalar\u0131 etraf\u0131nda \u015fekillenir.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

1.1 Ge\u00e7mi\u015fle Bar\u0131\u015fma<\/h4>\n\n\n\n

Ya\u015fl\u0131 bireylerin r\u00fcyalar\u0131, s\u0131kl\u0131kla ge\u00e7mi\u015f ya\u015fam deneyimlerini yeniden ya\u015fama, ge\u00e7mi\u015fte yap\u0131lan hatalar\u0131 d\u00fczeltme ya da belirli ili\u015fkilerle ilgili hesapla\u015fma gibi temalar\u0131 i\u00e7erir. Bu r\u00fcyalar, bireyin ya\u015fam\u0131n\u0131n de\u011ferlendirilmesi ve ge\u00e7mi\u015fle bar\u0131\u015fma s\u00fcrecinin bir par\u00e7as\u0131d\u0131r. Birey, r\u00fcyalar\u0131nda ge\u00e7mi\u015fte ya\u015fad\u0131\u011f\u0131 olaylar\u0131 farkl\u0131 bir perspektiften de\u011ferlendirir ve bu olaylarla ilgili bilin\u00e7d\u0131\u015f\u0131 duygusal s\u00fcre\u00e7lerini i\u015fleyebilir.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

1.2 \u00d6l\u00fcmle Y\u00fczle\u015fme<\/h4>\n\n\n\n

Erikson\u2019un teorisine g\u00f6re, ya\u015fl\u0131l\u0131k d\u00f6nemi, bireyin ya\u015fam\u0131n sonuna yakla\u015ft\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131 kabul etti\u011fi ve \u00f6l\u00fcmle y\u00fczle\u015fme s\u00fcrecini ya\u015fad\u0131\u011f\u0131 bir d\u00f6nemdir. Ya\u015fl\u0131l\u0131k d\u00f6nemindeki r\u00fcyalar, \u00f6l\u00fcmle ilgili bilin\u00e7d\u0131\u015f\u0131 korkular\u0131 ve kayg\u0131lar\u0131 sembolize edebilir. Freud\u2019a g\u00f6re, \u00f6l\u00fcmle ilgili r\u00fcyalar bilin\u00e7d\u0131\u015f\u0131nda bast\u0131r\u0131lm\u0131\u015f olan \u00f6l\u00fcm korkusunun bir yans\u0131mas\u0131d\u0131r (Freud, 1900). Bu r\u00fcyalar, ya\u015fl\u0131 bireyin \u00f6l\u00fcmle y\u00fczle\u015fme s\u00fcrecini anlamak ve kabul etmek i\u00e7in bilin\u00e7d\u0131\u015f\u0131nda yapt\u0131\u011f\u0131 bir haz\u0131rl\u0131k olabilir.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

2. Psikanaliz ve Ya\u015fl\u0131l\u0131k D\u00f6nemi R\u00fcyalar\u0131<\/h3>\n\n\n\n

Sigmund Freud\u2019un r\u00fcya analizine dayal\u0131 psikanalitik yakla\u015f\u0131m\u0131, r\u00fcyalar\u0131n bireyin bilin\u00e7d\u0131\u015f\u0131ndaki bast\u0131r\u0131lm\u0131\u015f istek ve arzular\u0131n bir ifadesi oldu\u011funu savunur. Freud, r\u00fcyalar\u0131n bireyin ya\u015fam\u0131ndaki bilin\u00e7d\u0131\u015f\u0131 \u00e7at\u0131\u015fmalar\u0131n sembolik bir d\u0131\u015favurumu oldu\u011funu \u00f6ne s\u00fcrm\u00fc\u015ft\u00fcr. Ya\u015fl\u0131 bireylerin r\u00fcyalar\u0131, ya\u015famlar\u0131n\u0131n sonuna yakla\u015ft\u0131klar\u0131nda daha \u00e7ok ge\u00e7mi\u015fte ya\u015fanm\u0131\u015f travmalar, \u00e7\u00f6z\u00fclememi\u015f duygusal \u00e7at\u0131\u015fmalar ve \u00f6l\u00fcm korkular\u0131 etraf\u0131nda \u015fekillenir.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

2.1 Dilek Ger\u00e7ekle\u015fmesi ve Bast\u0131r\u0131lm\u0131\u015f Duygular<\/h4>\n\n\n\n

Freud, r\u00fcyalar\u0131n bireyin bast\u0131r\u0131lm\u0131\u015f isteklerini ve arzular\u0131n\u0131 sembolik olarak ifade etti\u011fini belirtmi\u015ftir. Ya\u015fl\u0131l\u0131k d\u00f6neminde, bireylerin r\u00fcyalar\u0131nda gen\u00e7li\u011fe \u00f6zlem, ge\u00e7mi\u015fteki ba\u015far\u0131lar\u0131n\u0131 yeniden ya\u015fama ve yar\u0131m kalm\u0131\u015f hedefleri tamamlama arzusu s\u0131kl\u0131kla g\u00f6r\u00fcl\u00fcr. Bu r\u00fcyalar, bireyin ya\u015fam\u0131n\u0131n sonlar\u0131na yakla\u015ft\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131 fark etti\u011fi ve ge\u00e7mi\u015fe d\u00f6nme iste\u011fiyle y\u00fczle\u015fti\u011fi bilin\u00e7d\u0131\u015f\u0131 s\u00fcre\u00e7lerin bir yans\u0131mas\u0131d\u0131r.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

2.2 \u00d6l\u00fcm ve Kaybetme Korkusu<\/h4>\n\n\n\n

Freud\u2019a g\u00f6re, \u00f6l\u00fcm korkusu, bireyin bilin\u00e7d\u0131\u015f\u0131nda bask\u0131 alt\u0131na al\u0131nm\u0131\u015f bir duygudur ve r\u00fcyalarda bu korkunun sembolik ifadeleri ortaya \u00e7\u0131kar. Ya\u015fl\u0131l\u0131k d\u00f6neminde bu korkular\u0131n daha belirgin hale gelmesi, r\u00fcyalar\u0131n \u00f6l\u00fcm temalar\u0131 etraf\u0131nda \u015fekillenmesine neden olabilir. Ya\u015fl\u0131 bireyler, r\u00fcyalar\u0131nda \u00f6l\u00fcmle y\u00fczle\u015fme, sevdiklerinin kayb\u0131 veya kendi \u00f6l\u00fcmlerini sembolik olarak deneyimleyebilirler.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

3. Carl Jung ve Ya\u015fl\u0131l\u0131k R\u00fcyalar\u0131n\u0131n Kolektif Bilin\u00e7d\u0131\u015f\u0131 ile \u0130li\u015fkisi<\/h3>\n\n\n\n

Carl Jung, r\u00fcyalar\u0131n sadece bireysel bilin\u00e7d\u0131\u015f\u0131 s\u00fcre\u00e7leri de\u011fil, ayn\u0131 zamanda kolektif bilin\u00e7d\u0131\u015f\u0131n\u0131 da yans\u0131tt\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131 savunmu\u015ftur. Kolektif bilin\u00e7d\u0131\u015f\u0131, insanl\u0131\u011f\u0131n ortak deneyimlerini ve arketipleri i\u00e7erir. Jung, ya\u015fl\u0131l\u0131k d\u00f6nemindeki r\u00fcyalar\u0131n bireyin hayat\u0131n\u0131n son a\u015famas\u0131nda ya\u015fad\u0131\u011f\u0131 i\u00e7sel d\u00f6n\u00fc\u015f\u00fcm\u00fc ve kolektif bilin\u00e7d\u0131\u015f\u0131ndaki arketiplerin etkilerini yans\u0131tt\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131 belirtmi\u015ftir (Jung, 1964).<\/p>\n\n\n\n

3.1 Arketipler ve Ya\u015fl\u0131l\u0131k D\u00f6nemi R\u00fcyalar\u0131<\/h4>\n\n\n\n

Jung\u2019a g\u00f6re, ya\u015fl\u0131 bireylerin r\u00fcyalar\u0131nda s\u0131kl\u0131kla \u00f6l\u00fcm, bilgelik, d\u00f6n\u00fc\u015f\u00fcm ve yeniden do\u011fu\u015f gibi arketipler g\u00f6r\u00fcl\u00fcr. Bu arketipler, bireyin ya\u015fam\u0131n\u0131n sonuna yakla\u015fmas\u0131 ve \u00f6l\u00fcmle y\u00fczle\u015fme s\u00fcrecinde bilin\u00e7d\u0131\u015f\u0131nda i\u015fleyen evrensel temalar\u0131 temsil eder. Bilge ya\u015fl\u0131 arketipi, ya\u015fl\u0131l\u0131k d\u00f6neminde bireyin hayat\u0131 boyunca edindi\u011fi bilgeli\u011fi ve ya\u015fam deneyimlerini sembolize ederken, \u00f6l\u00fcm arketipi bireyin \u00f6l\u00fcmle y\u00fczle\u015fme s\u00fcrecini simgeler.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

3.2 Bireyle\u015fme S\u00fcreci ve R\u00fcyalar<\/h4>\n\n\n\n

Jung\u2019un bireyle\u015fme kavram\u0131, bireyin ya\u015fam\u0131 boyunca hem bilin\u00e7li hem de bilin\u00e7d\u0131\u015f\u0131 y\u00f6nlerini entegre ederek tam bir benlik duygusuna ula\u015fma s\u00fcrecini ifade eder. Ya\u015fl\u0131l\u0131k d\u00f6nemindeki r\u00fcyalar, bireyin bilin\u00e7d\u0131\u015f\u0131 s\u00fcre\u00e7leriyle y\u00fczle\u015fti\u011fi ve hayat\u0131n\u0131n son a\u015famas\u0131nda kendini ger\u00e7ekle\u015ftirme yolculu\u011funu tamamlad\u0131\u011f\u0131 bu bireyle\u015fme s\u00fcrecinde \u00f6nemli bir rol oynar. R\u00fcyalar, bu s\u00fcre\u00e7te bireyin i\u00e7sel d\u00f6n\u00fc\u015f\u00fcm\u00fcn\u00fc ve ya\u015fam\u0131n anlam\u0131n\u0131 ke\u015ffetme \u00e7abalar\u0131n\u0131 yans\u0131t\u0131r.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

4. Piaget\u2019nin Bili\u015fsel Geli\u015fim Kuram\u0131 ve Ya\u015fl\u0131l\u0131k R\u00fcyalar\u0131<\/h3>\n\n\n\n

Jean Piaget\u2019nin bili\u015fsel geli\u015fim kuram\u0131, insan\u0131n ya\u015fam\u0131 boyunca bili\u015fsel kapasitesinin nas\u0131l geli\u015fti\u011fini ve de\u011fi\u015fti\u011fini inceleyen \u00f6nemli bir teoridir. Ya\u015fl\u0131l\u0131k d\u00f6neminde bili\u015fsel gerileme g\u00f6r\u00fclebilir ve bu durum, bireyin d\u00fc\u015f\u00fcnce yap\u0131s\u0131n\u0131 ve r\u00fcya i\u00e7eriklerini etkileyebilir. Piaget\u2019ye g\u00f6re, ya\u015fl\u0131 bireylerin r\u00fcyalar\u0131nda ge\u00e7mi\u015fe d\u00f6n\u00fc\u015f temalar\u0131 ve \u00e7ocukluk an\u0131lar\u0131 s\u0131kl\u0131kla g\u00f6r\u00fclebilir (Piaget, 1977).<\/p>\n\n\n\n

4.1 Ge\u00e7mi\u015fe D\u00f6n\u00fc\u015f ve Bili\u015fsel Gerileme<\/h4>\n\n\n\n

Ya\u015fl\u0131l\u0131k d\u00f6neminde, bireylerin r\u00fcyalar\u0131nda ge\u00e7mi\u015fe d\u00f6n\u00fc\u015f temalar\u0131 s\u0131kl\u0131kla g\u00f6r\u00fcl\u00fcr. Birey, \u00e7ocukluk ve gen\u00e7lik y\u0131llar\u0131ndaki olaylar\u0131 yeniden ya\u015far ve bu an\u0131lar r\u00fcyalar\u0131nda sembolik olarak ifade edilir. Piaget\u2019nin bili\u015fsel geli\u015fim teorisine g\u00f6re, bu r\u00fcyalar, ya\u015fl\u0131 bireyin zihinsel yap\u0131s\u0131n\u0131n ge\u00e7mi\u015f deneyimlerle daha \u00e7ok me\u015fgul oldu\u011fu bir d\u00f6nemin yans\u0131mas\u0131d\u0131r. Bu t\u00fcr r\u00fcyalar, ya\u015fl\u0131 bireyin ya\u015fam\u0131n\u0131 g\u00f6zden ge\u00e7irme ve ge\u00e7mi\u015fle hesapla\u015fma \u00e7abas\u0131n\u0131n bilin\u00e7d\u0131\u015f\u0131 bir ifadesi olarak de\u011ferlendirilebilir.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

5. Nesne \u0130li\u015fkileri Teorisi ve Ya\u015fl\u0131l\u0131k D\u00f6nemi R\u00fcyalar\u0131<\/h3>\n\n\n\n

Nesne ili\u015fkileri teorisi, bireyin ya\u015fam\u0131n\u0131n erken d\u00f6nemlerindeki ili\u015fkilerin, \u00f6zellikle anne-baba ile olan ili\u015fkilerin, i\u00e7sel d\u00fcnyas\u0131n\u0131 nas\u0131l \u015fekillendirdi\u011fini inceleyen bir yakla\u015f\u0131md\u0131r. Melanie Klein ve Donald Winnicott gibi teorisyenler, ya\u015fl\u0131l\u0131k d\u00f6neminde bireyin bu erken d\u00f6nem ili\u015fkilerini r\u00fcyalar\u0131nda yeniden deneyimleyebilece\u011fini ve bu ili\u015fkilerin sembolik temsillerinin r\u00fcyalarda g\u00f6r\u00fclebilece\u011fini \u00f6ne s\u00fcrm\u00fc\u015flerdir (Klein, 1952; Winnicott, 1971).<\/p>\n\n\n\n

5.1 \u0130\u00e7sel Nesneler ve Ya\u015fl\u0131l\u0131k R\u00fcyalar\u0131<\/h4>\n\n\n\n

Nesne ili\u015fkileri teorisine g\u00f6re, ya\u015fl\u0131 bireylerin r\u00fcyalar\u0131, \u00e7ocukluk d\u00f6nemindeki \u00f6nemli fig\u00fcrlerle olan ili\u015fkilerini sembolize eden i\u00e7sel nesneleri i\u00e7erir. \u00d6rne\u011fin, anne, baba veya di\u011fer \u00f6nemli fig\u00fcrlerle ilgili r\u00fcyalar, bireyin bu ili\u015fkilerle ilgili duygusal hesapla\u015fmalar\u0131n\u0131 ve bilin\u00e7d\u0131\u015f\u0131ndaki \u00e7\u00f6z\u00fclmemi\u015f duygusal \u00e7at\u0131\u015fmalar\u0131n\u0131 yans\u0131tabilir. Ya\u015fl\u0131l\u0131k d\u00f6neminde bu t\u00fcr r\u00fcyalar, bireyin ya\u015fam\u0131n\u0131n erken d\u00f6nemlerindeki duygusal ba\u011flar\u0131 ve bu ba\u011flarla ilgili ya\u015fad\u0131\u011f\u0131 \u00e7\u00f6z\u00fclmemi\u015f meseleleri yeniden g\u00f6zden ge\u00e7irmesine olanak tan\u0131r.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

5.2 Winnicott ve Ge\u00e7i\u015f Nesneleri<\/h4>\n\n\n\n

Donald Winnicott, ge\u00e7i\u015f nesneleri kavram\u0131n\u0131 geli\u015ftirmi\u015ftir ve bu nesnelerin bireyin \u00e7ocukluk d\u00f6neminde annesiyle kurdu\u011fu ba\u011f\u0131n bir sembol\u00fc oldu\u011funu belirtmi\u015ftir. Ya\u015fl\u0131 bireylerin r\u00fcyalar\u0131nda bu t\u00fcr nesneler g\u00f6r\u00fclebilir ve bu r\u00fcyalar, bireyin erken d\u00f6nem ba\u011flanma ili\u015fkilerine dair bilin\u00e7d\u0131\u015f\u0131 s\u00fcre\u00e7lerini yans\u0131tabilir. Ge\u00e7i\u015f nesneleri, ya\u015fl\u0131l\u0131k d\u00f6neminde bireyin g\u00fcvenlik aray\u0131\u015f\u0131n\u0131 ve duygusal olarak kendini g\u00fcvende hissetme ihtiyac\u0131n\u0131 sembolize eder.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

6. Ya\u015fl\u0131l\u0131k D\u00f6nemi R\u00fcyalar\u0131n\u0131n Psikoterap\u00f6tik \u00d6nemi<\/h3>\n\n\n\n

R\u00fcyalar, ya\u015fl\u0131l\u0131k d\u00f6neminde psikoterapi s\u00fcrecinde \u00f6nemli bir rol oynar. Terapistler, ya\u015fl\u0131 bireylerin r\u00fcyalar\u0131n\u0131 analiz ederek onlar\u0131n bilin\u00e7d\u0131\u015f\u0131ndaki duygusal \u00e7at\u0131\u015fmalar\u0131, \u00f6l\u00fcmle ilgili korkular\u0131 ve ge\u00e7mi\u015fle bar\u0131\u015fma s\u00fcre\u00e7lerini anlamaya \u00e7al\u0131\u015f\u0131rlar. R\u00fcya analizi, ya\u015fl\u0131 bireylerin kendileriyle bar\u0131\u015fmalar\u0131na ve ya\u015fam\u0131n son d\u00f6nemlerinde i\u00e7sel huzura ula\u015fmalar\u0131na yard\u0131mc\u0131 olabilir.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

6.1 R\u00fcya Analizi ve Psikoterapi<\/h4>\n\n\n\n

R\u00fcya analizi, ya\u015fl\u0131 bireylerin psikoterapi s\u00fcre\u00e7lerinde kullan\u0131labilecek \u00f6nemli bir ara\u00e7t\u0131r. Bireyin r\u00fcyalar\u0131, bilin\u00e7d\u0131\u015f\u0131ndaki duygusal s\u00fcre\u00e7leri anlamada terapiste yol g\u00f6sterir. Bu r\u00fcyalar\u0131n analizi, bireyin \u00f6l\u00fcm korkusuyla ba\u015fa \u00e7\u0131kmas\u0131na, ge\u00e7mi\u015fle bar\u0131\u015fmas\u0131na ve ya\u015fam\u0131n\u0131n son a\u015famas\u0131nda anlam bulmas\u0131na yard\u0131mc\u0131 olabilir.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

6.2 \u00d6l\u00fcm Korkusu ile Y\u00fczle\u015fme<\/h4>\n\n\n\n

R\u00fcyalar, ya\u015fl\u0131 bireylerin \u00f6l\u00fcm korkusuyla y\u00fczle\u015fmesine yard\u0131mc\u0131 olabilir. Bu r\u00fcyalar, \u00f6l\u00fcmle ilgili bilin\u00e7d\u0131\u015f\u0131 korkular\u0131n sembolik temsilleri olarak de\u011ferlendirilir ve r\u00fcya analizi s\u00fcrecinde bu korkular \u00fczerinde \u00e7al\u0131\u015f\u0131larak bireyin \u00f6l\u00fcmle bar\u0131\u015fmas\u0131 sa\u011flanabilir.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\n\n\n\n

Kaynak\u00e7a<\/h3>\n\n\n\n
    \n
  1. Freud, S. (1900). The Interpretation of Dreams<\/em>. London: Hogarth Press.<\/li>\n\n\n\n
  2. Jung, C.G. (1964). Man and His Symbols<\/em>. London: Aldus Books.<\/li>\n\n\n\n
  3. Klein, M. (1952). The Psycho-Analysis of Children<\/em>. London: Hogarth Press.<\/li>\n\n\n\n
  4. Piaget, J. (1977). The Development of Thought: Equilibration of Cognitive Structures<\/em>. New York: Viking Press.<\/li>\n\n\n\n
  5. Winnicott, D.W. (1971). Playing and Reality<\/em>. London: Tavistock Publications.<\/li>\n\n\n\n
  6. Erikson, E.H. (1950). Childhood and Society<\/em>. New York: W.W. Norton & Company.<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

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Bu d\u00f6nemde r\u00fcyalar, bireyin ya\u015fam deneyimlerini ve bilin\u00e7d\u0131\u015f\u0131 s\u00fcre\u00e7lerini yans\u0131tmak a\u00e7\u0131s\u0131ndan b\u00fcy\u00fck bir \u00f6neme sahiptir. <\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":785,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"neve_meta_sidebar":"","neve_meta_container":"","neve_meta_enable_content_width":"","neve_meta_content_width":0,"neve_meta_title_alignment":"","neve_meta_author_avatar":"","neve_post_elements_order":"","neve_meta_disable_header":"","neve_meta_disable_footer":"","neve_meta_disable_title":"","ngg_post_thumbnail":0,"footnotes":""},"categories":[1],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-784","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-blog"],"yoast_head":"\nYa\u015fl\u0131l\u0131k D\u00f6nemi R\u00fcyalar\u0131: Psikolojik ve Geli\u015fimsel Bir \u0130nceleme - R\u00fcya Enstit\u00fcs\u00fc<\/title>\n<meta name=\"robots\" content=\"index, follow, max-snippet:-1, max-image-preview:large, max-video-preview:-1\" \/>\n<link rel=\"canonical\" href=\"https:\/\/ruyaenstitusu.com\/?p=784\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:locale\" content=\"tr_TR\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:locale:alternate\" content=\"en_US\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:type\" content=\"article\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:title\" content=\"Ya\u015fl\u0131l\u0131k D\u00f6nemi R\u00fcyalar\u0131: Psikolojik ve Geli\u015fimsel Bir \u0130nceleme - R\u00fcya Enstit\u00fcs\u00fc\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:description\" content=\"Ya\u015fl\u0131l\u0131k d\u00f6nemi, biyolojik, psikolojik ve sosyal a\u00e7\u0131dan \u00f6nemli de\u011fi\u015fikliklerin ya\u015fand\u0131\u011f\u0131 bir d\u00f6nemdir. 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